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tuttifruti Tv we aim to inspire budding engineers for a better more sustainable world join the team subscribe to the channel today now many a times it has been seen that people try to connect solar panels directly to the load the load can be anything it can be a light bulb radio or even a battery for charging or a gadget this is never really a good idea and here is why when a solar panel is directly connected to the load then much of the power that the solar panel has the potential to generate is not generated at all let's explain this further every solar panel has its own internal resistance which varies with the output power when the solar panel is generating peak power the internal resistance at this point is termed as the characteristic resistance of the panel now when you connect the solar panel to the load then the clothes of the internal resistance of the load is to the characteristic resistance of the panel the more the power can be extracted from the panel so in reality the output of a solar panel is not only dependent upon the amount of light it is receiving and the temperature of the panel but also it is dependent upon the value of resistance of the load to match the resistances is difficult because normally you may have a solar panel which has a characteristic resistance of 3 to 5 ohms and you are trying to connect it to a battery that may have let's say an internal resistance of less than 1 ohm the characteristic resistance of the solar panel can be roughly found out by simply dividing the maximum power voltage value with the maximum power current value they are denoted by V MP and iymp respectively both of these values can be found on the specification sheet of the panel so for example we have a specification sheet below in this case we have the maximum power voltage and we also have the maximum power current given in the classification sheet we divide them and we get the value of three point four three ohms now this is the characteristic resistance if the maximum power current and voltage is not available then we can use the open circuit current value and the closed circuit voltage values to obtain the characteristic resistance roughly so as mentioned before in this case we have a value of three point four three ohms if the load resistance is around three point four three ohms for this panel only then we will be able to get the peak power from this panel this panel is rated at 280 watts and if we don't match the resistances then we will not be utilizing the panel fully now as mentioned earlier it is very difficult to have a load that has similar internal resistance or impedance value as your solar panels so what is the solution well the solution is that it is always advisable to use an MPPT device between your panel and your load so how does the NPPD device works well the device isolates the load from the panel and shows the panel a resistance or impedance value that maximized the power withdrawal from the panel this MPPT device is nothing but a DC to DC converter with various internal resistances the MPPT device will switch to the internal resistance level that will maximize the power from the panel for a given amount of solar insulation and load resistance the MPP D device or the maximum power point tracking device can be purchased for as low as $15 at present in most charge controllers and inverters the MPPT device is built-in so whenever you buy solar panels make sure you attach it to an MPPT device beat in your charge controller or be it in your inverter there are also large solar panels available in the market with power rating of 250 watt plus some of them are called smart panels these panels come with the amp Beadie device built-in they are slightly expensive but can pay back the extra cost in two to three years with their higher output for battery charging the other advantage of using MPPT charge controller is that it will protect your battery from overcharging and under charging so I hope you found this video useful give us a thumbs up if you did subscribe to the channel if you haven't already and please do look at dozens of useful videos already on this channel on renewable energy and sustainability. Thank you for your attention.
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